Mu gice cyabanjirije iki nakubwiye ku nkomoko ya Palestine, nashoje kandi nkubwira ko Bigeze mu kinyejana cya 16 Nyuma ya Kristo, Yerusalemu yagiye mu biganza by’ubwami bwa Turkey otman bwari buyobowe n’aba islam bari bamaze gukomera cyane mu burasirazuba bwo hagati. Ikaze ngufate ikiganza nkuvane aho nkugeze ku nkomoko y’amakimbirane tubona uyu munsi muri Palestine. Kugirango usobanukirwe biruseho buri kimwe mu byo nshaka ko umenya, banza unyuze amaso mu bice byabanje unyuze hano:

Yerusalemu, umujyi umaze imyaka ibihumbi 5000 mu ntambara zizasozwa n’imperuka: amateka yawo atangaje muri iyi nkuru

Abami bakomeye bo muri turkey otman bayoboye igice cya Palestine ari naho habarizwaga Yerusalemu imyaka isaga 400 yose. Ni uguhera mu 1516 umwaka nyirizina bafatiyeho ubutegetsi kugera mu 1917 mu gihe intambara ya mbere y’isi yose yari imaze kurangira. Abangaba nabo barekuye umujyi wa Yerusalemu kubera gutsindwa uruhenu n’abongereza muri iyi ntambara yambere y’isi yose.

Abongereza bamaze gutsinda turkey otman, mu buryo bwumvikana neza nabo bahise bafata aka gace ka Palestine baragakoroneza. Aha n’ubundi niho hari umujyi wa Yerusalemu tuvuga uyu munsi, abongereza mu bukoroni bagendaga bakora muri Africa n’ibice bya Asia, bakoroneje banagenzura n’umujyi wa Yerusalemu mu gihe cy’imyaka isaga 30. Hari no mu gihe kandi abayahudi bari batataniye kure cyane mu myaka myinshi yari ishize, hari abari barahabiye ku isi kera cyane uhereye mu gihe abaromani basenyaga uyu mujyi nibura muri 70 nyuma ya Kristo.

Abangaba rero bose bagiye bashaka kugaruka ku butaka bwabo ariko ibintu ntibyakunda neza, kubera ko ubutaka butigeze busiba na rimwe kujya mu biganza by’ababakoronizaga cyangwa se by’ababigaruriraga. Mu bitekerezo wakwita rukomatanya byashyizwe ahagaragara n’umugabo w’umuhanga cyane w’umuyahudi witwa Theodor Hertz, ari nawe washinze inkubiri y’ibitekerezo bya Sionism movement ingengabitekerezo yari ishingiye ku kwihuriza hamwe kw’abayahudi bose ndetse no kurwanira uburenganzira bwabo bwo kongera gutaha ku butaka bwabo bwa gakondo aho amateka abagaragariza neza ko ariho ba sekuru babasigiye. Aho ngaho ni i Siyoni na Yerusalemu, murumvamo sionism cyangwa se zion mu Kinyarwanda cyiza ni Siyoni nk’umusozi uri muri Yerusalemu rwagati.

Iyi ngengabitekerezo yongeye kubyara ubushake bw’ubushagarira bwinshi cyane ku bayahudi bari hirya no hino ku isi uretse ko imitegekere hirya no hino ku isi yagendaga ihinduka. Uyu muryango, warashinzwe urakomera haba mu burayi no muri leta zunze ubumwe za America. Ababarizwaga muri uyu muryango bose biyitaga abakunzi ba siyoni, siyoni nk’umusozi. Mu bitekerezo nk’ibi , igihe cyarashyize kiragera maze mu mwaka w’1947 bemererwa igihugu cyabo bagomba kwigenga mo, nabo mu gutanga ibitekerezo kwinshi, basanga bagomba kukita Isiraheli.

Abayahudi bakimara kwigenga muri byinshi bari bakeneye kugarura mu rwego rwo guhesha agaciro ubutaka n’umuco byabo gakondo by’abasekuru babo harimo n’ibirango n’ubwiza ndetse n’amateka y’umujyi wa  Yerusalemu. Yerusalemu, turongera tuyitindeho, ku ntangiriro umuryango w’abibumbye wari wafashe icyemezo cyo kugabanyamo kabiri Palestine, kugirango Abayahudi babone aho gushinga igihugu cyabo cyari cyamaze kwitwa Isiraheli. Ni mu mushinga wiswe nineteen fourty seven plan  for the pertution of Palestine.

Hari ku itariki ya 29 ukwezi kwa 11 mu 1947, ibyo bikimara kwemezwa, nkumwanzuro w’181 mu nteko rusange y’umuryango w’abibumbye, umwanzuro wagaragazaga yuko hagomba kubaho igice cy’abayahudi n’igice cy’abarabu. Mu mibare igaragara neza byari byanditse yuko Palestine nk’igihugu cyari gisanzwe kigomba kugira ubutaka bwa 52 ku ijana bw’ubutaka bwose, naho Isiraheli, ikagira ubutaka buri munsi gatoya bungana na 48 ku ijana by’ubutaka bwose bwari ubwa Palestine.

Iki gihe umujyi wa Yerusalemu nta numwe wahawe, ahubwo washyizwe munsi  y’ububasha bw’umuryango w’abibumbye. Muri ibi ngibi by’umuryango w’abibumbye ubundi babyita sous pertectorant ni ukuvuga yuko ari nk’umureberezi cyangwa umuragizi.

Ku italiki ya 14 y’ukwezi kwa 5 mu 1948, leta ya Isiraheli yatangaje yuko ibaye igihugu cyigenga, bikozwe na Minisitiri w’intebe wa mbere bwana David benigorio, bukeye bwaho ku itariki 15 y’ukwezi kwa gatanu muri uwo mwaka w’1948, ingabo zibihugu byishyize hamwe z’Abarabu, Misiri,Siriya, Liban, Yorodaniya hamwe na Irake byahise bitangiza intambara kuri Isiraheli igihugu cyari kimaze amasaha macye cyane gishinzwe.

Abayahudi nabo batari bakanashinga igisirikare gihamye batangira kwirwanaho mu matsinda amwe n’amwe y’aba Zionist yitwaraga gisirikare. Ni intambara zamaze hafi imyaka 2 kugera mu 1949, muri iyi ntambara rero nibwo abayahudi bahise batangira kwigarurira ibice by’uburengerazuba by’umujyi wa Yerusalemu, maze ikindi gice cy’uburasirazuba cy’uyu mujyi kigarurirwa na Yorodaniya. Mwibuke mbere yuko iyi ntambara iba, Yerusalemu nta muntu n’umwe wayigenzuraga bwari ubutaka bwite bw’umuryango w’abibumbye ariwo ushinzwe kuburagira. Tunibuke kandi yuko iyi ntambara yarangiye Isiraheli ifite ubutaka bunini cyane mu gihe cy’imwaka 2 gusa buruta kure cyane ubwo yagenewe n’umuryango w’abibumbye. Wibukeko mu mibare Isiraheli yagombaga kugira ubutaka bungana na 48 ku ijana, ni munsi ya kimwe cya 2, naho Palestine nk’igihugu cyari gisanganwe ubutaka kigasigarana 52 ku ijana.

Nyamara iyi ntambara ikirangira, mu myaka 2 gusa Isiraheli yahise itwara ubutaka bungana na 78 ku ijana, Palestine cya gice cyari kihasanzwe gisigarana ubutaka bungana na 22 ku ijana gusa. Intambara imaze guhagarara, Abayahudi barindiriye ikindi gihe cya nyacyo cyo kwigarurira umujyi wa Yerusalemu wose kubera ko nubundi wose bawushakaga.

Maze rimwe amahirwe arabasekera ibihugu by’abarabu bitegura na none gushaka kuyishozaho intambara. Impamvu mwumvise mvuga yuko ari amahirwe yabasekeye, ni uko bahise bashingira kuri iyi mpamvu bagatangiza intambara kuri ibi bihugu byose by’abarabu byishyize hamwe mu ntambara yamenyekanye ku izina ry’iyiminsi itandatu. Hari mu kwezi kwa 6 mu 1967, muri iyi ntambara Abayahudi nanone bongeye kwigarurira ibice bitandukanye birimo n’igice cy’uburengerazuba bw’umujyi wa Yerusalemu, ubwo noneho bidasubirwaho Yerusalemu yose yahoze iri mu biganza by’umuryango w’abibumbye ihita ijya mu biganza bikomeye bya Isiraheli.

Guhera icyo gihe, Isiraheli inatangaza yuko umujyi bamaze kwigarurira mushyashya wa Yerusalemu ari nawo murwa mukuru wa Leta ya Isiraheli. Cyakora n’ubwo bari bawigaruriye, hari hagituyemo abaturage bamwe bo muri Palestine, ariko umujyi mu byukuri wavuye mu biganza bya Palestine. Uburyo uyu mujyi wigaruriwe byakozwe neza nk’ibyo indwanyi Dawidi ya kera yakoze. Nkuko yabikoze n’ubundi akimara kwigarurira umujyi wa Yerusalemu, yahise avuga ko ariwo ubaye umurwa mukuru w’ishyanga rya Isiraheli, ni mu myaka ibihumbi 3000 ishize mu mateka.

Kuva icyo gihe umujyi wa Yerusalemu ikijya mu biganza bya Isiraheli, bakanavuga yuko ubaye umurwa mukuru wa Isiraheli, leta yahise itangira kwimurirayo ibiro byayo bikomeye, nk’urugero muri Yerusalemu niho leta yahisemo kwimurira ibiro bya Perezida wa Isiraheli, yimurirayo ibiro by;inteko ishinga amategeko inimurirayo ibiro by’urukiko rw’ikirenga.

Ini ngibi byahise biba ikimenyetso cy’uko Yerusalemu ari umujyi w’abayahudi na Leta yabo kandi ko uri mu biganza byabo ndetse ibi byabaye ntakuka ubwo mu mwaka w’1980 inteko ishingamategeko ya Isiraheli yitwa senate yatoraga itegeko ryiswe Jerusalem law ryemezako Yerusalemu ari umurwa mukuru wa Isiraheli iteka ryose, ni ukuvuga igihe cyose iki gihugu kizaba kigihari.

Icyo gihe ibihugu bitandukanye by’amahanga hamwe n’umuryango w’abibumbye byamaganiye kure cyane iki cyemezo byanga kwemera Yerusalemu nk’umurwa mukuru wa Isiraheli, ariko Isiraheli yarabihoreye kugera n’ubunguba ntacyo iratangaza ikizwi ni uko abanya Isiraheri bazi neza ko umurwa mukuru wabo wavuye Teravive ugashyirwa i Yerusalemu, ariko nyine imiryango mpuzamahanga ntabwo iremera neza ibi ngibi, igihugu cyabyemeye gusa ni Leta zunze ubumwe za America.

Muri iyi myaka 2 ishize nibwo ibintu byatangiye guhinduka, kubera ko vuba ahangaha mu kwezi kwa 5 ku mwaka wa 2018 ubutegetsi bwa leta zunze ubumwe za America bwayoborwaga na Donald trump bwafashe umwanzuro ko ambasade ya Leta zunze ubumwe za America ivanwa i Teravive ikajyanwa i Yerusalemu ndetse Yerusalemu ihita yemezwa nk’umurwa mukuru wa Isiraheli na leta ya Washington mu biro bya Donald trump.

Leta zunze ubumwe za America zakurikiwe n’igihugu cya guatemara, nacyo cyavanye ambasade yacyo i Teravive kiyujyana i Yerusalemu, aho leta ya Isiraheli yigaruriye muri uyu mujyi yafunguye amarembo yawo itangira kuhakirira abanyamahanga bahaza mu bikorwa bitandukanye by’ubukerarugendo barimo abaza kuhasengera n’abahatemberera bisanzwe.

Uretse kuba Yerusalemu ari umujyi wihariye ku mateka n’amadini y’ukwemera gutatu: Idini rya gikristo, idini rya Islam ndetse n’idini rya kiyahudi, ni umujyi utuwe n’abantu bagiye batandukanye cyane. Nko mu 2016 mu byegeranyo bitandukanye birimo n’icy’umuryango w’abibumbye byagaragaza yuko Yerusalemu yonyine ituwe n’abaturage barenga ibihumbi 850 muri abo ngabo 60 ku ijana basengera mu idini ya kiyahudi, 36 ku ijana ni aba Islam biganjemo cyane cyane Abarabu bamwe muri abo ni abanya Palestine,1.8 ku ijana ni Aba kristo ninabo bake, abandi bangana na 1.2 ku ijana baba bafite ukwemera gutandukanye harimo n’abava imihanda yose bajya kuhatemberera.

Yerusalemu, niwo mujyi wonyine uri ku isi ubarizwamo amasinagogi menshi, insengero z’idini ya kiyahudi, twavuze ko inini muri izo ngizo ari 300 ariko muri rusange amasinagogi yose ari mu mujyi umwe ni 1204, insengero z’abakristo zigera ku 158 n’imisigiti igera kuri 73 mu mujyi umwe.

Yerusalemu umurwa mukuru wa Isiraheli iyo uhari ikintu ushobora kumva kenshi gashoboka mu matwi yawe ni inzogera, inzogera zitandukanye iyo zitari iz’amadini na Kiliziya bishingiye ku iyobokamana rya Kristo, uba usanga ari iz’insengero n’imisigiti ihamagarira abayoboke bayo kuza gusenga kubera ko amasaha atandukanye abayoboke baba basohoka abandi binjira  mu masinagogi, mu nsengero no mu misigiti.

Kugeza uyu munsi, Yerusalemu ni umujyi w’igititangaza ku buryo na Bibiliya ubwayo ariwo yatanzeho ikitegererezo cy’uko ijuru rishya n’isi nshya bizaba bimeze. Umuhishuzi yohana yaranditse ati”

Mbona ijuru rishya n’isi nshya, kuko ijuru rya mbere n’isi ya mbere byari byashize, n’inyanja yari itakiriho. Mbona ururembo rwera Yerusalemu nshya rumanuka ruva mu ijuru ku Mana, rwiteguwe nk’uko umugeni arimbishirizwa umugabo we. Numva ijwi rirenga rivuye kuri ya ntebe rivuga riti “Dore ihema ry’Imana riri hamwe n’abantu kandi izaturana na bo, na bo bazaba abantu bayo kandi Imana ubwayo izabana na bo ibe Imana yabo ( Ibyahishuwe 21: 1-3).

Ubwo nagarutse ku mateka atangaje ukumva Yerusalemu ari umujyi w’amata n’ubuki, nshoje iyi nkuru nkwifuriza kuzaba muri Yerusalemu nshya izaba irimbishijwe kurusha cyane iyi navugaga!

Imana iguhe umugisha.

Niba utarakurikiye ibice byabanjirije iki, ushobora kubibona unyuze aha:

https://menyabibiliya.com/2021/05/27/yerusalemu-umujyi-umaze-imyaka-ibihumbi-5000-mu-ntambara-zizasozwa-nimperuka-amateka-yawo-atangaje-muri-iyi-nkuru

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